Narrative text

Narrative Text Someone tells a narrative text in order to entertain, stimulate emotion or to teach. A narrative text has three elements or parts : 1. The orientation introduces main characters in a setting of place and time. It tells about : the story’s setting , the time when the story happens, and the main characters of the story. 2. The complications tells the problems of the story and how the main characters solve them. Series of events ( It includes situations, activities, or events that lead to the climax or complication. ) 3. The Resolution tells the ending of the story (The complication or problem is solved here. It shows the end of the story, usually a happy ending ). A narrative text uses the simple past tens...

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Surprise & Disbelief

DefinitionSurprises and disbelief is an expression that we show/say when know/hear/see something that rather difficult to believe. Expressing Surprise: Wow! What a surprise! That's a surprise! That's very surprising! Really? What? Are you serious? You must be joking! You're kidding! Fancy that! I must say it surprise me I find it hard to beli...

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Direct speech & Indirect speec

Direct Speech refers to reproducing another person’s exact words or saying exactly what someone has said (sometimes called quoted speech).We use quotation marks (“______________”) and it should be word for word.For example:Nicky said, “It’s hot”. Or “It’s hot,” Nicky said.Indirect speech refers to reproducing the idea of another person’s words that doesn’t use quotation marks to enclose what the person said and it doesn’t have to be word for word. Indirect speech is sometimes called reported speech. The tense usually changes when reporting speech. This is because we are usually talking about a time in the past and obviously the person who spoke originally spoke in the past.The verbs therefore usually have to be in the past t...

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GRATITUDE,COMPLIMENT & CONGRATULATION

Gratitude is also called thanking.We say "thank you" when people give us something, give a compliment, wish us something, etc. Expressing Gratitude: I should like to express my gratitude Thank you very much Thank for your help How can I thank you? I'm very grateful to you I can't thank you enough I'm very much obliged to ...

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Invitation ( written )

Most spore invitation are in the farm of question they often begin with will,would,would you like to,would you care to,etc Offerins invitation ->Would you like to come to the restaurant this evening? ->Will you join us? ->Would you care to have dinner with us tonight? ->Could you come to a party at my place tomorrow? ->I wander whether you would care to come on a picnic with us next wee...

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Asking For Information

Asking Information There are a number of formulas used when asking for information in English. Here are some of the most common: · Could you tell me…? · Do you know…? · Do you happen to know…? · I’d like to know… · Could you find out…? · I’m interested in… · I’m looking for...

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MODALS IN THE PAST FORM

Modals in the Past form dalam bahasa Indonesia adalah kata bantu pengandaian dalam bentuk lampau. Modals in the past are : 1. Could 2. Would 3. Should 4. Shall *Could + Verb ba...

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Descriptive text

Descriptive text Descriptive text is available for a screen reader device to audibly describe a graph or map so a visually impaired user can understand the graphical information . Or to describe the characteristic of particular Person, thing , or place . * Textstructure: - Identification: Identifies thing, person, place, phenomenon to be described. - Description: Gives the information of particular thing, person, or  Place being discussed or describes parts, qualities, or Characteristic. * Language figure...

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Introductory it

When the subject is an infinitive phrase, the sentence often begins with it. Instead of saying ‘To find fault with others is easy’, we say, ‘It is easy to find fault with others’. More examples are given below. It is easy to learn English. (More natural than ‘To learn English is easy’.) It was not easy to understand his motive. It may be advisable to consult a specialist. It could be dangerous to drive so fast. It was pleasant to sit on the bea...

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news item

News item is to inform the readers about events of the day which are considered newsworthy or important. Is structure is: • Newsworthy Event(s): recounts the events in summary form • Background Event(s): elaborate what happened, to WHOM, in WHAT circumstances. • Sources: comments by participants in, witnesses to and authorities’ expert on the event. Significant Grammar Feature...

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Noun Phrases

Noun phrases atau frase nomina adalah frase yang terdiri dari nomina atau pronomina (sebagai head) dan modifiers. Modifiers yang biasanya menyertai nomina adalah: - determiners (articles, demonstratives, numbers, possessives, quantifiers) - adjectives, adjective phrases, adjective clauses - relative clauses Seperti halnya nomina, frase nomina juga mempunyai fungsi sebagai subjek atau objek dalam suatu kalimat. Perhatikan contoh berikut di bawah i...

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Finite Verbs

A finite verb is a verb that is inflected for person and for tense according to the rules and categories of the languages in which it occurs. Finite verb can form “ Independent clause “ which can stand by their own as complete sentences , an independent clause as a complete sentence. It contains themain subject and verb of a sentences. In English , only verbs in certain mood are finite These include : 1. Indicative mood : expressing a state of affairs. Dalam indicative mood, finite verb harus menggunakan varb, example...

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Simple Future

Simple future tense digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan atau kejadian yang akan dilakukan pada masa yang akan datang. Kalimat simple future tense dapat dibentuk menggunakan will atau be going to. Pola I (will) (+) S + will + V1 (-) S + will + not + V1 (?) Will + S +...

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Offering

Definition of Offering : 1. The act of making an offer. 2. Something, such as stock, that is offered. 3. A presentation made to a deity as an act of religious worship or sacrifice; an oblation. 4. A contribution or gift, especially one made at a religious service. Offering to older peop...

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ASKING IF SOMEONE REMEMBERS OR NOT

Formal expressions: - I wonder if you remember..... - You remember...., don’t you? - You haven’t forgotten...., have you? - Don’t you remember.....? - Do you happen to remember it n...

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PASSIVE VOICE

In the passive sentence, the object of an active verb becomes the subject of the passive verb. Only transitive verbs are used in the passive. Intransitive verbs such as happen, sleep, come and seem cannot be used in the passive. When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the followi...

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Vocabulary around the house

Build Up : Attic =People store things in the attic. Ballroom =A room in stately homes where rich people dance and concerts are held. Box Room =A small room used for storage. Cellar =Underneath the house. Cloakroom =A small room where people put their coats. Conservatory = A greenhouse attached to a house for the display of plan...

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Prepositions: In, On, and At

The prepositions in, on, and at can be used to indicate time and place. Notice how they are used in the following situations: PrepositionTimePlace InYear, Month, In 1999, In DecemberCountry, State, City In Japan, In Utah, InTaipei OnDay, Date On Saturday, On May 1Street On Main Street, On 1st Ave. AtTime At 8:00, At 7:30Address At 815 East Main Street In many languages, there is only one preposition for the above situations. In English there are three. Just remember that in usually indicates the "largest" time or place, and at usually indicates the "smallest" time or place. Examples: A: Where's your office? B: In Taipei, Taiwan. A: Really? What part of Taipei? B: It's on Chung Shan North Road. A: I know that area. Where exactly is it? B: It's at 105 Chung Shan North Road, next...

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